Write Lewis symbols for the following atoms and ions:
S and S2–; Al and Al3+; H and H–
(i) S and S2– Electronic configuration of S is [Ne]10 3s23p4, i.e it has 6 electrons in its valence shell,therefore The Lewis dot symbol of sulphur (S) is . The dinegative charge shows that there will be two electrons more in addition to the six valence electrons. The electronic configuration can be [Ne]10 3s23p6, Hence, the Lewis dot symbol of S2– is .
(ii) Al and Al3+ The electronic configuration of Aluminium is [Ne]10 3s2 3p1, i.e the valence electron is 3,therefore The Lewis dot symbol of aluminium (Al) is . The tripositive charge on a species infers that it has donated its three electrons to other atom & its possible electronic configuration is [Ne]10 3s1. Hence, the Lewis dot symbol is .
(iii) H and H– Hydrogen has electronic configuration of 1s1,it has 1 electron in its valence shell. The Lewis dot symbol of hydrogen (H) is . The uninegative charge infers that there will be one electron more in addition to the one valence electron. The possible configuration may be 1s2. Hence, the Lewis dot symbol is .
The mass of an electron is 9.1 × 10–31 kg. If its K.E. is 3.0 × 10–25 J, calculate its wavelength.
Calculate the amount of carbon dioxide that could be produced when
(i) 1 mole of carbon is burnt in air.
(ii) 1 mole of carbon is burnt in 16 g of dioxygen.
(iii) 2 moles of carbon are burnt in 16 g of dioxygen.
Calculate the wavelength of an electron moving with a velocity of 2.05 × 107 ms–1.
Balance the following redox reactions by ion – electron method :
(a) MnO4 – (aq) + I – (aq) → MnO2 (s) + I2(s) (in basic medium)
(b) MnO4 – (aq) + SO2 (g) → Mn2+ (aq) + HSO4– (aq) (in acidic solution)
(c) H2O2 (aq) + Fe 2+ (aq) → Fe3+ (aq) + H2O (l) (in acidic solution)
(d) Cr2O7 2– + SO2(g) → Cr3+ (aq) + SO42– (aq) (in acidic solution)
In a process, 701 J of heat is absorbed by a system and 394 J ofwork is done by the system. What is the change in internal energy for the process?
What will be the minimum pressure required to compress 500 dm3 of air at 1 bar to 200 dm3 at 30°C?
In a reaction A + B2 → AB2 Identify the limiting reagent, if any, in the following reaction mixtures.
(i) 300 atoms of A + 200 molecules of B
(ii) 2 mol A + 3 mol B
(iii) 100 atoms of A + 100 molecules of B
(iv) 5 mol A + 2.5 mol B
(v) 2.5 mol A + 5 mol B
At 0°C, the density of a certain oxide of a gas at 2 bar is same as that of dinitrogen at 5 bar. What is the molecular mass of the oxide?
Which one of the following will have largest number of atoms?
(i) 1 g Au (s)
(ii) 1 g Na (s)
(iii) 1 g Li (s)
(iv) 1 g of Cl2(g)
Density of a gas is found to be 5.46 g/dm3 at 27 °C at 2 bar pressure. What will be its density at STP?
What do you understand by the term “non-stoichiometric hydrides”? Do you expect this type of the hydrides to be formed by alkali metals? Justify your answer.
Explain why alkali and alkaline earth metals cannot be obtained by chemical reduction methods?
Write down the products of ozonolysis of 1,2-dimethylbenzene (o-xylene). How does the result support Kekule structure for benzene?
The compound AgF2 is an unstable compound. However, if formed, the compound acts as a very strong oxidizing agent. Why?
Draw the Lewis structures for the following molecules and ions: H2S, SiCl4, BeF2, , HCOOH
What are the necessary conditions for any system to be aromatic?
What are the various factors due to which the ionization enthalpy of the main group elements tends to decrease down a group?
A large number of fish are suddenly found floating dead on a lake. There is no evidence of toxic dumping but you find an abundance of phytoplankton. Suggest a reason for the fish kill.
An electron is in one of the 3d orbitals. Give the possible values of n, l and ml for this electron.
Explain what happens when boric acid is heated.
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