Describe with the help of a diagram, how compressions and rarefactions are produced in air near a source of sound.
Compressions and rarefactions are produced because the disturbance in the medium is caused by sound waves. When an object vibrates then it moves forward, it pushes and compresses the air in front of it creating a region of high pressure in its vicinity. This region of high pressure is known as compressions. When it moves backward, it creates a region of low pressure in its vicinity. This region is known as a rarefaction.
Explain the working and application of a sonar.
Explain how sound is produced by your school bell.
Explain how defects in a metal block can be detected using ultrasound.
Distinguish between loudness and intensity of sound.
A sound wave travels at a speed of 339 m s-1. If its wavelength is 1.5 cm, what is the frequency of the wave? Will it be audible?
Which characteristic of the sound helps you to identify your friend by his voice while sitting with others in a dark room?
Which wave property determines
(a) loudness, (b) pitch?
A sonar device on a submarine sends out a signal and receives an echo 5 s later. Calculate the speed of sound in water if the distance of the object from the submarine is 3625 m.
Explain how the human ear works.
How is ultrasound used for cleaning?
Which of the following has more inertia: (a) a rubber ball and a stone of the same size? (b) a bicycle and a train? (c) a five-rupees coin and a one-rupee coin?
State the universal law of gravitation.
Which of the following are matter?
Chair, air, love, smell, hate, almonds, thought, cold, cold-drink, smell of perfume.
A force of 7 N acts on an object. The displacement is, say 8 m, in the direction of the force (Fig. 11.3). Let us take it that the force acts on the object through the displacement. What is the work done in this case?
What is meant by a pure substance?
In a reaction, 5.3 g of sodium carbonate reacted with 6 g of ethanoic acid. The products were 2.2 g of carbon dioxide, 0.9 g water and 8.2 g of sodium observations are in agreement with the law of conservation of mass.
sodium carbonate + ethanoic acid → sodium ethanoate + carbon dioxide + water
What are canal rays?
State any two conditions essential for good health.
How is our atmosphere different from the atmospheres on Venus and Mars?
Who discovered cells, and how?
How does the water kept in an earthen pot (matka) become cool during summer?
An object of mass, m is moving with a constant velocity, v. How much work should be done on the object in order to bring the object to rest?
Abdul, while driving to school, computes the average speed for his trip to be 20 km h-1. On his return trip along the same route, there is less traffic and the average speed is 40 km h-1. What is the average speed for Abdul’s trip?
State which of the following situations are possible and give an example for each of these:
(a) an object with a constant acceleration but with zero velocity
(b) an object moving in a certain direction with an acceleration in the perpendicular direction.
Explain why some of the leaves may get detached from a tree if we vigorously shake its branch.
Name types of simple tissues.
If Z = 3, what would be the valency of the element? Also, name the element.
Why does a block of plastic released under water come up to the surface of water?
What is the momentum of an object of mass m, moving with a velocity v?
(a) (mv)2 (b) mv2 (c) 1⁄2 mv2 (d) mv
What is the kinetic energy of an object?