A 8000 kg engine pulls a train of 5 wagons, each of 2000 kg, along a horizontal track. If the engine exerts a force of 40000 N and the track offers a friction force of 5000 N, then calculate:
(a) the net accelerating force;
(b) the acceleration of the train; and
(c) the force of wagon 1 on wagon 2.
Mass of engine = 8000 kg
Mass of 1 wagon = 2000 kg
Mass of 5 wagons = 2000 x 5 = 10000 kg
Force exerted by the engine, F = 40000 N
Frictional force offered by the track, Ff = 5000 N
(a) Net force, Fa = Force of engine - Force of friction = F − Ff
= 40000 − 5000 = 35000 N
Hence, the net accelerating force is 35000 N.
(b) Total mass of the train, M = mass of 5 wagons + mass of engine
= 10000 + 8000 = 18000 kg
From Newton’s second law of motion:
Force = Mass x acceleration
35000 = 18000 x a
a = 35000 / 18000 = 1.94 m/s2
Hence, the acceleration of the train is 1.94 m/s2.
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