Match structures given in Column I with functions given in Column II.
Column I Column II
(i) Stomata (a) Absorption of water
(ii) Xylem (b) Transpiration
(iii) Root hairs (c) Transport of food
(iv) Phloem (d) Transport of water
(e) Synthesis of carbohydrates
Column I Column II
(i) Stomata (b) Transpiration
(ii) Xylem (d) Transport of water
(iii) Root hairs (a) Absorption of water
(iv) Phloem (c) Transport of food
1. Stomata: Stomata are the specialized epidermal structures consists of small pores (surrounded by guard cells) which are responsible for the gaseous exchange between plant and the environment. Transpiration is the loss of water from the aerial parts of the plants like leaves in the water vapours form; and this occurs through the stomata which is known as stomatal transpiration.
2. Xylem: The water and minerals from soil enters the plant through the roots and then pass into the xylem, then from this the dissolved mineral and water moves in the upward direction that occurs from the soil to the uppermost leaves. This upward movement of minerals and water against the gravitational force through the xylem is known as ascent of sap.
3. Root hair: Roots are the primary source for the absorption of water and contains large number of root hair which makes intimate contact with the soil particles and amplifies the surface area for the water absorption by the plant; then water from the soil enters into the root through root hair. Diagram:
4. Phloem: The movement of the phloem sap (complex mixture of organic and inorganic substances) from the leaves to other parts of the plant through the phloem is known as phloem translocation.
Classify the changes involved in the following processes as physical or chemical changes:
(a) Photosynthesis
(b) Dissolving sugar in water
(c) Burning of coal
(d) Melting of wax
(e) Beating aluminium to make aluminium foil
(f ) Digestion of food
Given below is a crossword puzzle based on this lesson. Use hints to fill in the blank spaces with letters that complete the words.
Down Across
(D) 1 : Thorough washing (A) 1 : Keeps warm
2 : Animal fibre 2 : Its leaves are eaten by silkworms
3 : Long thread like structure 3 : Hatches from egg of moth
Sketch the cross section of soil and label the various layers.
Here is a crossword puzzle: Good luck!
Across
3. Liquid waste products
4. Solid waste extracted in sewage treatment
6. A word related to hygiene
8. Waste matter discharged from human body
Down
1. Used water
2. A pipe carrying sewage
5. Micro-organisms which causes cholera
7. A chemical to disinfect water
Take three test-tubes. Fill æth of each with water. Label them A, B and C. Keep a snail in test-tube A, a water plant in test-tube B and in C, keep snail and plant both. Which test-tube would have the highest concentration of CO2?
Sketch the reproductive parts of a flower.
Solve the following crossword puzzle with the clues given:
Across
2. Plantation prevents it.
5. Use should be banned to avoid soil pollution.
6. Type of soil used for making pottery.
7. Living organism in the soil.
Down
1. In desert soil erosion occurs through.
3. Clay and loam are suitable for cereals like.
4. This type of soil can hold very little water.
5. Collective name for layers of soil.
Describe how crystals of copper sulphate are prepared.
Match the items in Column I with those in Column II:
Column I Column II
(i) A home for living organisms (a) Large particles
(ii) Upper layer of the soil (b) All kinds of soil
(iii) Sandy soil (c) Dark in colour
(iv) Middle layer of the soil (d) Small particles and packed tight (v) Clayey soil (e) Lesser amount of humus
When baking soda is mixed with lemon juice, bubbles are formed with the evolution of a gas. What type of change is it? Explain.
Fill in the blanks:
(a) Green plants are called _________________ since they synthesise their own food.
(b) The food synthesised by the plants is stored as _________________.
(c) In photosynthesis solar energy is captured by the pigment called ___________.
(d) During photosynthesis plants take in ______________________ and release __________________.
How do elephant living in the tropical rainforest adapt itself?
Three liquids are given to you. One is hydrochloric acid, another is sodium hydroxide and third is a sugar solution. How will you identify them? You have only turmeric indicator.
Name the following:
(i) A parasitic plant with yellow, slender and tubular stem.
(ii) A plant that has both autotrophic and heterotrophic mode of nutrition.
(iii) The pores through which leaves exchange gases.
Describe the various ways by which seeds are dispersed.
Match the following :
(i) Land breeze blows during (a) summer
(ii) Sea breeze blows during (b) winter
(iii) Dark coloured clothes are preferred during (c) day
(iv) Light coloured clothes are preferred during (d) night
Fill in the blanks :
(a) The hotness of an object is determined by its __________.
(b) Temperature of boiling water cannot be measured by a _____________ thermometer.
(c) Temperature is measured in degree ______________.
(d) No medium is required for transfer of heat by the process of __________.
(e) A cold steel spoon is dipped in a cup of hot milk. It transfers heat to its other end by the process of ______________.
(f ) Clothes of ______________ colours absorb heat better than clothes of light colours.
You have been asked to maintain a garden. How will you minimise the use of water?
Which of the following is not a forest product?
(i) Gum
(ii) Plywood
(iii) Sealing wax
(iv) Kerosene
Will the compass needle show deflection when the switch in the circuit shown by Fig.14.24 is closed?