When a candle burns, both physical and chemical changes take place. Identify these changes. Give another example of a familiar process in which both the chemical and physical changes take place.

Classify the changes involved in the following processes as physical or chemical changes:
(a) Photosynthesis
(b) Dissolving sugar in water
(c) Burning of coal
(d) Melting of wax
(e) Beating aluminium to make aluminium foil
(f ) Digestion of food

Given below is a crossword puzzle based on this lesson. Use hints to fill in the blank spaces with letters that complete the words.
Down                                               Across
(D) 1 : Thorough washing           (A) 1 : Keeps warm
      2 : Animal fibre                            2 : Its leaves are eaten by silkworms
      3 : Long thread like structure      3 : Hatches from egg of moth

Sketch the cross section of soil and label the various layers.

Take three test-tubes. Fill æth of each with water. Label them A, B and C. Keep a snail in test-tube A, a water plant in test-tube B and in C, keep snail and plant both. Which test-tube would have the highest concentration of CO₂?

Here is a crossword puzzle: Good luck!

Across
3. Liquid waste products
4. Solid waste extracted in sewage treatment
6. A word related to hygiene
8. Waste matter discharged from human body

Down
1. Used water
2. A pipe carrying sewage
5. Micro-organisms which causes cholera
7. A chemical to disinfect water

Sketch the reproductive parts of a flower.

Describe how crystals of copper sulphate are prepared.

Match the items in Column I with those in Column II:
Column I                                              Column II
(i) A home for living organisms         (a) Large particles
(ii) Upper layer of the soil                 (b) All kinds of soil
(iii) Sandy soil                                   (c) Dark in colour
(iv) Middle layer of the soil                (d) Small particles and packed tight                                                                                                                                               (v) Clayey soil                                  (e) Lesser amount of humus

Solve the following crossword puzzle with the clues given:

Across
2. Plantation prevents it.
5. Use should be banned to avoid soil pollution.
6. Type of soil used for making pottery.
7. Living organism in the soil.

Down
1. In desert soil erosion occurs through.
3. Clay and loam are suitable for cereals like.
4. This type of soil can hold very little water.
5. Collective name for layers of soil.

When baking soda is mixed with lemon juice, bubbles are formed with the evolution of a gas. What type of change is it? Explain.

Why is it necessary to excrete waste products?

Show with the help of a sketch that the plants are the ultimate source of food.

Given below is a crossword puzzle based on this lesson. Use hints to fill in the blank spaces with letters that complete the words.
Down                                               Across
(D) 1 : Thorough washing           (A) 1 : Keeps warm
      2 : Animal fibre                            2 : Its leaves are eaten by silkworms
      3 : Long thread like structure      3 : Hatches from egg of moth

Why should we worry about the conditions and issues related to forests far from us?

Is the distilled water acidic/basic/neutral? How would you verify it?

State similarities and differences between the laboratory thermometer and the clinical thermometer.

Anaerobic bacteria digest animal waste and produce biogas (Change – A). The biogas is then burnt as fuel (Change – B). The following statements pertain to these changes. Choose the correct one.

 (i) Process – A is a chemical change.
 (ii) Process – B is a chemical change.                                                                                                                                                                                                   (iii) Both processes A and B are chemical changes.
 (iv) None of these processes is a chemical change.

Explain why burning of wood and cutting it into small pieces are considered as two different types of changes.

What is a virtual image? Give one situation where a virtual image is formed.

How do elephant living in the tropical rainforest adapt itself?