Class 7 Science - Chapter Reproduction in Plants NCERT Solutions | Describe the different methods of asexua
Describe the different methods of asexual reproduction. Give examples.
Asexual reproduction is the simplest form of reproduction in which only one parent is involved. It do not involves the meiosis, gamete formation and fusion of gametes. This asexual reproduction is also known as clonal propagation because of their genetically identical products.
The asexual reproduction in plants can take place by the following methods:
1. Vegetative propagation: It is the natural process that is found in many plant species. It is a process by which plant reproduces without the production of seeds and spores. In this growth of new plants from the plant parts (like bulbs, runners, stems cuttings, roots and leaves etc.) occurs. Tissue culture is also the method of vegetative propagation under the sterile conditions.
Examples: Tuber of potato, the rhizome of ginger etc.
2. Budding: In budding process a small part of the body of the parent plant grows as a bulb- like structure called ‘bud’ which then detaches and becomes a new plant or we can say formation of daughter individual from the small projection called the bud that arises on the parent body is known as budding.
Example: Yeast (unicellular fungi), Hydra etc.
3. Fragmentation: The breaking up of the body of a plant into two (or more) pieces on maturing, each of which automatically grows to form a new plant, is called fragmentation. An alga reproduces by the asexual method of fragmentation. An example of common alga is Spirogyra. Spirogyra is a green, filamentous alga plant which is found in ponds, lakes and slow moving streams. Spirogyra reproduces by the asexual method of reproduction called fragmentation.
4. Spore Formation: Propagules which germinate to produce new individuals are known as spores. There are several types of spores: zoospores, sporangiospores, chlamydospores, oidia and conidia.
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Tick the correct answer:
(a) The reproductive part of a plant is the
(i) leaf (ii) stem (iii) root (iv) flower(b) The process of fusion of the male and the female gametes is called
(i) fertilisation (ii) pollination
(iii) reproduction (iv) seed formation(c) Mature ovary forms the
(i) seed (ii) stamen
(iii) pistil (iv) fruit(d) A spore producing plant is
(i) rose (ii) bread mould
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(i) stem (ii) leaves
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Fill in the blanks:
(a) Production of new individuals from the vegetative part of parent is called_____________.
(b) A flower may have either male or female reproductive parts. Such a flower is called_____________.
(c) The transfer of pollen grains from the anther to the stigma of the same or of another flower of the same kind is known as _____________.
(d) The fusion of male and female gametes is termed as _____________.
(e) Seed dispersal takes place by means of _____________, _____________ and _____________.
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