Name two chemicals used to disinfect water.
It may be necessary to disinfect the treated water with chemicals like chlorine or ozone before releasing it into the distribution system. The purpose of disinfection in the treatment of wastewater is to eliminate completely the harmful micro- organisms in the water to be discharged back into the environment. The treated wastewater can also be passed through layers of sand (called sand filters). Sand filtration removes most of the remaining suspended matter from the treated wastewater. It has been suggested that we should plant Eucalyptus trees all along the sewage ponds. This is because eucalyptus trees absorb all the surplus
wastewater from the sewage ponds rapidly and release pure water vapour into the atmosphere (through transpiration).
Classify the changes involved in the following processes as physical or chemical changes:
(a) Photosynthesis
(b) Dissolving sugar in water
(c) Burning of coal
(d) Melting of wax
(e) Beating aluminium to make aluminium foil
(f ) Digestion of food
Given below is a crossword puzzle based on this lesson. Use hints to fill in the blank spaces with letters that complete the words.
Down Across
(D) 1 : Thorough washing (A) 1 : Keeps warm
2 : Animal fibre 2 : Its leaves are eaten by silkworms
3 : Long thread like structure 3 : Hatches from egg of moth
Sketch the cross section of soil and label the various layers.
Here is a crossword puzzle: Good luck!
Across
3. Liquid waste products
4. Solid waste extracted in sewage treatment
6. A word related to hygiene
8. Waste matter discharged from human body
Down
1. Used water
2. A pipe carrying sewage
5. Micro-organisms which causes cholera
7. A chemical to disinfect water
Take three test-tubes. Fill æth of each with water. Label them A, B and C. Keep a snail in test-tube A, a water plant in test-tube B and in C, keep snail and plant both. Which test-tube would have the highest concentration of CO2?
Sketch the reproductive parts of a flower.
Solve the following crossword puzzle with the clues given:
Across
2. Plantation prevents it.
5. Use should be banned to avoid soil pollution.
6. Type of soil used for making pottery.
7. Living organism in the soil.
Down
1. In desert soil erosion occurs through.
3. Clay and loam are suitable for cereals like.
4. This type of soil can hold very little water.
5. Collective name for layers of soil.
Describe how crystals of copper sulphate are prepared.
Match the items in Column I with those in Column II:
Column I Column II
(i) A home for living organisms (a) Large particles
(ii) Upper layer of the soil (b) All kinds of soil
(iii) Sandy soil (c) Dark in colour
(iv) Middle layer of the soil (d) Small particles and packed tight (v) Clayey soil (e) Lesser amount of humus
When baking soda is mixed with lemon juice, bubbles are formed with the evolution of a gas. What type of change is it? Explain.
Choose the correct option from the following:
Plants take carbon dioxide from the atmosphere mainly through their:
(i) roots (ii) stem (iii) flowers (iv) leaves
What planning is required in advance to deal with the situation created by a cyclone?
What are the components of blood?
How would you show that setting of curd is a chemical change?
A simple pendulum takes 32 s to complete 20 oscillations. What is the time period of the pendulum?
Mark ‘T’ if the statement is true and ‘F’ if it is false:
(i) Nitric acid turn red litmus blue. (T/F)
(ii) Sodium hydroxide turns blue litmus red. (T/F)
(iii) Sodium hydroxide and hydrochloric acid neutralise each other and form salt and water. (T/F)
(iv) Indicator is a substance which shows different colours in acidic and basic solutions. (T/F)
(v) Tooth decay is caused by the presence of a base. (T/F)
When the current is switched on through a wire, a compass needle kept nearby gets deflected from its north-south position. Explain.
What are stomata? Give two functions of stomata.
The silkworm is: (a) a caterpillar, (b) a larva. Choose the correct option.
(i) a (ii) b (iii) both a and b (iv) neither a nor b.
The tropical rainforest has a large population of animals. Explain why it is so.