What is a biodegradable polymer? Give an example of a biodegradable aliphatic polyester.
A polymer that can be decomposed by bacteria is called a biodegradable polymer.
The biodegradable polymer are the polymers which are degraded by the micro-organism within a suitable period so that biodegradable polymers and their degraded products do not cause any serious effects on the environment. They degrade by enzymatic hydrolysis and oxidation. The decomposition reactions involves hydrolysis (either enzymatically induced or by non –enzymatic mechanism) to non- toxic small molecules which can be metabolized or excreted from the body.
The common examples of aliphatic biodegradable polymers are polyglycolic acid(PGA), Polyhydroxy butyrate (PHB), Polyhydroxy butyrates-co-beta hydroxyl valerate( PHBV), Polycaprolactone(pcl), Nylon-2-nylon-6.
These polymers are used mainly for medical goods such as surgical sutures, tissues in growth materials, for controlled drug release, plasma substitutes etc. They are also used in agriculture materials, such as films, seed coatings, fast food wrappers, personal hygiene products etc.
Poly-β-hydroxybutyrate-CO-β-hydroxyvalerate (PHBV) is a biodegradable aliphatic polyester.
Write the names and structures of the monomers of the following polymers:
(i) Buna-S (ii) Buna-N
(iii) Dacron (iv) Neoprene
Arrange the following polymers in increasing order of their intermolecular forces.
(i) Nylon 6, 6, Buna-S, Polythene.
(ii) Nylon 6, Neoprene, Polyvinyl chloride.
Explain the difference between Buna-N and Buna-S.
How are polymers classified on the basis of structure?
Define thermoplastics and thermosetting polymers with two examples of each.
Explain the term copolymerisation and give two examples.
Write the monomers used for getting the following polymers. (i) Polyvinyl chloride (ii) Teflon (iii) Bakelite
How do you explain the functionality of a monomer?
Identify the monomer in the following polymeric structures.
(i)
(ii)
What are the monomeric repeating units of Nylon-6 and Nylon-6, 6?
For the reaction R → P, the concentration of a reactant changes from 0.03 M to 0.02 M in 25 minutes. Calculate the average rate of reaction using units of time both in minutes and seconds.
Write the formulas for the following coordination compounds:
(i) Tetraamminediaquacobalt (III) chloride
(ii) Potassium tetracyanonickelate(II)
(iii) Tris(ethane-1,2-diamine) chromium(III) chloride
(iv) Amminebromidochloridonitrito-N-platinate(II)
(v) Dichloridobis(ethane-1,2-diamine)platinum(IV) nitrate
(vi) Iron(III) hexacyanoferrate(II)
(i) Write structures of different isomeric amines corresponding to the molecular formula, C4H11N
(ii) Write IUPAC names of all the isomers.
(iii) What type of isomerism is exhibited by different pairs of amines?
Why are solids rigid?
Write any two characteristics of Chemisorption.
Write the structures of the following compounds.
(i) α-Methoxypropionaldehyde
(ii) 3-Hydroxybutanal
(iii) 2-Hydroxycyclopentane carbaldehyde
(iv) 4-Oxopentanal
(v) Di-sec-butyl ketone
(vi) 4-Fluoroacetophenone
Which of the ores mentioned in Table 6.1 can be concentrated by magnetic separation method?
Why are pentahalides more covalent than trihalides?
Silver atom has completely filled d orbitals (4d10) in its ground state. How can you say that it is a transition element?
Glucose or sucrose are soluble in water but cyclohexane or benzene (simple six membered ring compounds) are insoluble in water. Explain.
Define the following as related to proteins
(i) Peptide linkage (ii) Primary structure (iii) Denaturation.
The half-life for radioactive decay of 14C is 5730 years. An archaeological artifact containing wood had only 80% of the 14C found in a living tree. Estimate the age of the sample.
An aromatic compound 'A' on treatment with aqueous ammonia and heating forms compound 'B' which on heating with Br2 and KOH forms a compound 'C' of molecular formula C6H7N. Write the structures and IUPAC names of compounds A, B and C.
When RNA is hydrolysed, there is no relationship among the quantities of different bases obtained. What does this fact suggest about the structure of RNA?
While separating a mixture of ortho and para nitrophenols by steam distillation, name the isomer which will be steam volatile. Give reason.
How many geometrical isomers are possible in the following coordination entities?
(i) [Cr(C2O4)3]3-
(ii) [Co(NH3)3Cl3]
If NaCl is doped with 10-3mol % of SrCl2, what is the concentration of cation vacancies?
What problem arises in using alitame as artificial sweetener?
Give the reason for bleaching action of Cl2.
Give structures of the products you would expect when each of the following alcohol reacts with (a) HCl-ZnCl2 (b) HBr and (c) SOCl2.
(i) Butan-1-ol
(ii) 2-Methylbutan-2-ol
this website helped me very much thanks nanba
this website helped me very much thanks nanba
the biodegradable polymer is ? Tell tell me ans.
Thanks Nanba
Gopal