Show that the relation R in the set R of real numbers, defined as R = {(a, b): a ≤ b2} is neither reflexive nor symmetric nor transitive.
R = {(a, b): a ≤ b2}
It can be observed that
\begin{align} \left(\frac{1}{2},\frac{1}{2}\right) ∉ R , since \frac{1}{2}>\left(\frac{1}{2}\right)^2 = \frac{1}{4}\end{align}
∴R is not reflexive.
Now, (1, 4) ∈ R as 1 < 42
But, 4 is not less than 12.
∴(4, 1) ∉ R
∴R is not symmetric.
Now,
(3, 2), (2, 1.5) ∈ R
(as 3 < 22 = 4 and 2 < (1.5)2 = 2.25)
But, 3 > (1.5)2 = 2.25
∴(3, 1.5) ∉ R
∴ R is not transitive.
Hence, R is neither reflexive, nor symmetric, nor transitive.
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