Discuss the major features of Mughal provincial administration. How did the centre control the provinces?
(i) The head of the provincial administration was the governor (subadar). He reported directly to the emperor.
(ii)Each suba was divided into sarkar,
(iii)The local administration was looked after at the level of the pargana (sub-district) by three semi- hereditary officers, the qanungo (keeper of revenue records), the chaudhur (in charge of revenue collection) and the qazi.
(iv)Each department of administration maintained a large support staff of clerks, accountants, auditors, messengers, and other functionaries who were technically qualified officials, functioning in accordance with standardised rules and procedures, and generating copious written orders and records.
Popular Questions of Class 12 History - Themes in Indian History - II
- Q:-
Write a note on the Kitab-ul-Hind.
- Q:-
How were the lives of forest dwellers transformed in the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries?
- Q:-
Discuss the extent to which Bernier’s account enables historians to reconstruct contemporary rural society.
- Q:-
Discuss the ways in which panchayats and village headmen regulated rural society.
- Q:-
On an outline map of the world mark the countries visited by Ibn Battuta. What are the seas that he may have crossed?
- Q:-
Discuss Al-Biruni’s understanding of the caste system.
- Q:-
Examine the role played by zamindars in Mughal India.
- Q:-
What were the distinctive features of the Mughal nobility? How was their relationship with the emperor shaped?
- Q:-
Analyse the evidence for slavery provided by Ibn Battuta.
- Q:-
What do you think was the significance of the rituals associated with the mahanavami dibba?
Recently Viewed Questions of Class 12 History - Themes in Indian History - II
- Q:-
Assess the role played by women of the imperial household in the Mughal Empire.
- Q:-
Discuss the extent to which Bernier’s account enables historians to reconstruct contemporary rural society.
- Q:-
In what ways would the daily routine and special festivities associated with the Mughal court have conveyed a sense of the power of the emperor?
- Q:-
What were the similarities and differences between the be-shari‘a and ba-shari‘a sufi traditions?
- Q:-
On an outline map of the world, mark approximately Italy, Portugal, Iran and Russia. Trace the routes the travellers mentioned on p.176 would have taken to reach Vijayanagara.
- Q:-
Discuss the picture of urban centres that emerges from Bernier’s account.
- Q:-
What were the concerns that shaped Mughal policies and attitudes towards regions outside the subcontinent?
- Q:-
Read any five of the sources included in this chapter and discuss the social and religious ideas that are expressed in them.
- Q:-
Discuss the ways in which the Alvars, Nayanars and Virashaivas expressed critiques of the caste system.
- Q:-
Compare and contrast the perspectives from which Ibn Battuta and Bernier wrote their accounts of their travels in India.
- NCERT Chapter